The Parisian club has now claimed the prestigious trophy on 14 different times.
The Parisian giants required a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to get past Marseille in the Gulf and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions victory.
The Champions League holders appeared to be sailing towards a comfortable triumph in the showdown featuring the Ligue 1 winners and the Coupe de France holders after the French winger found the scoring in the opening stages.
However, Marseille struck two times in the closing moments to take a shock lead. Initially, Mason Greenwood scored from the penalty spot, before the defender inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable twist of events, the Portuguese striker grabbed a crucial equaliser in the final moments to force the contest into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then emerged as the hero, stopping crucial attempts from O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and the young talent all converted with composure for PSG to complete a convincing shootout victory.
Now 14-time winners Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now lifted this competition for the twelfth time in the last 13 years.